When you start learning coding and web
designing in HTML, you basically begin with normal HTML markup. Laying
out a page, adding colors, buttons, images etc are just the basic part
you never skip to design your page.
But being a beginner you must know that no matter how basic your
code is it can still have some uninvited errors. There are certain
important things that you must consider to make your coding valid and
capable to view in any browser window.
Let’s discuss what those 7 things are.
Make your code human readable
Because you are a HTML beginner, you are never going to use any HTML
editing software like Dreamweaver, FrontPage, etc. are you? You
literally start with a NOTEPAD or similar text editor and start coding
but have you ever thought that you need revise your HTML markup
sometime?
In the image below can you easily find the parent tag or its order?
The answer to the question is probably no if you are a beginner.
Because such type of coding is just easily readable by the browser not
the user. You must make it clearly readable by yourself so that you can
easily find the section you are looking for in future modification.
Though the HTML tags are enclosed in “<” and “>” our brain cannot
easily distinguish it from other character easily in such a huge
crowd. Instead you can use CAPITAL LETTERS to rectify the HTML tag out
of the web contents.
Look how the tags are distinguishable from the text contents.
Other thing you can do is make a tree order so that you can easily find
the parent or child of the tag easily. This can be done by leaving
some space from the right. See the example image below for more
clarification.
This trick will make you easy to edit and look for the exact tag when necessary.
Using of HTML comments wisely
It is not much necessary to use HTML comments because, HTML comments
are for users and browser doesn’t render it in its window. The
necessity of HTML comments rises when your HTML markup goes more complex
and complex. In such case using of HTML comments is necessary. As
we’ve already discussed about human readability of the code in first
step.
The HTML comments start with “<!--" and ends in “-->” everything
between the start and end code is not rendered in browser screen but
you can easily find the it in it’s source.
Always close the tag
I understand you know this fact, but when the codes get complicated
with larger contents and lots of inner divisions and blocks you’ll get
confused in the middle of the path. Basically, when you view the HTML
page that have unknown incomplete tags, the contents will be visible
with no errors. But incase if you have added some CSS styling and
tables to your web design layout you’ll probably have lots of error and
fault in proper rendering in such unknown incomplete tags. Therefore
ending a tag is most important thing.
Even though you are aware about it you miss to close the tag because we
cannot always remember which tag was opened first and which was at
last. But there is a trick (or say tips) that you can apply to have your
HTML tags complete one.
Whenever you begin for a new HTML tag, close it immediately after the opening of tag.
For example, look at the sample coding below. The <BODY> tag is closed instantly after it’s opening.
Then you can start filling the contents and other sub tags inside it.
Always provide alternate text for the image
This trick though won’t affect your coding, user readability or browser
render-ability, it is recommended that you use alternate tags.
<img src=”image.jpg” />
The above tag renders a image file named image.jpg from the specified
source. But incase if you don’t have the image in specified location or
mistakenly deleted the image file it will render nothing (in some
browser it will show image icon or red cross icon).
Remember how important the image can be to the web page visitor. To
understand your contents, S/he must know what the image was about. You
must use alternet text what will show up when browser is unable to
locate your image file. This will at least give the imaginative picture
of the unknown image.
<img src=”image.jpg” alt=”Image showing a couple kissing each other” />
Proper sequence of Headers
H1 is the first and largest header of your HTML document. If you use
header (H1, H2, H3) tags you must use it in sequence. For example,
<H1> must be preceeded by <H2> or <H3> or <H4>
but they must not be parented under smaller header see the image below.
But this one is not right because, lower header must not parent larger
header. Though this won’t show any error it is not considered as good
method.
Moreover parenting headers is not recommended even it is acceptable and can be rendered properly.
Use of block and inline HTML elements
You must understand the meaning of block and inline HTML elements.
Usually a HTML element can be a block or inline element. The block
element is like a box that can contain other contents inside it. The
inline elements doesn’t have box wrapped around it and only occupies
the space that its contents have. While block element occupies as much
space as it is capable of until the size or width is specified.
<DIV> is literally a block element while <SPAN>,
<STRONG>, <EM>, <I>, etc are inline elements.
<DIV> inside <SPAN> is not recommended but you can use as
many <SPAN> as you can inside <DIV>.
